Blog Harvey A. Friedman Center for Aging

Precision Health: Science is not one size fits all

Written by Fernanda Bucio, BS candidate, Saint Louis University and participant in the 2024 Institute for Public Health Summer Research Program


DNA: The blueprint for precision

Imagine a world where vaccines are tailored to your unique genetics and lifestyle. This idea was introduced to me when, as a member of the Summer Research Program Aging and Neurological Diseases Track, I attended the Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences Precision Health Workshop, led by my mentor, Joyce Balls-Berry, PhD, associate professor of neurology. Also presenting were associate professors, Obi Griffith, PhD, and Malachi Griffith, PhD, and Erin McRoy, MS, genetic clinical counselor, all from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

I was amazed by this proposal. Precision health is a groundbreaking approach in medicine and health care that leverages a patient’s specific data—including genetic makeup, phenotype, biomarkers, lifestyle, and environment—to tailor medical care.

The workshop highlighted that precision health relies heavily on genomics, the study of an organism’s complete set of DNA. As the discussion reflected on the critical need for inclusive research. Currently, genetic sequencing data overwhelmingly represents individuals of European descent, with only about three percent from the African American population, according to Erin McRoy. This disparity highlights the necessity for a comprehensive understanding of the human genome across all races to ensure that scientific advancements benefit every population.

Race significantly influences health outcomes through complex interactions with environmental factors and lifestyle choices. This consideration is crucial for developing effective precision health strategies that are inclusive and applicable to diverse populations.

Advancements in precision health promise the development of personal health devices, personalized vaccinations, and tailored medications. These innovations depend on the generation and analysis of vast amounts of genetic data. New technologies, supported by artificial intelligence, are paving the way for highly accurate and effective individualized treatments.

Furthermore, the speakers acknowledged the potential fields that will be greatly benefited from this approach such as pharmacology and the management of chronic diseases. By collecting and analyzing exomes, genomes, and biomarkers, researchers can develop targeted therapies and preventive measures that consider an individual’s unique genetic and environmental context. This approach not only enhances treatment efficacy but also minimizes adverse effects, leading to better health outcomes and improved quality of life.